Archive | October, 2012

Siga Tapes Make Things Airtight

As those who have followed the progress of Canada’s Greenest Home will know, we are taking the air tightness of this house very seriously. A great deal of thought has gone into ensuring construction details that make it easy to make an air tight enclosure, and just as much effort has gone into work on site to be sure we follow through on those details (much thanks to Graham Wise and our other diligent folders and tapers!).

Siga’s Wigluv tape makes a great seal between the window unit and the air control membrane.

As much as possible, we try to have the air tightness details addressed by building in a way that minimizes breaks in the air control layers and penetrations through these layers. However, there are places where joints and penetrations are impossible to prevent. To date, we’ve done our best to caulk and tape such areas with the best materials available to us.

That pallet of available materials just improved dramatically with our introduction to the line of tapes and membrane materials from Siga. These Swiss products are now imported into Canada by Herrmann’s Timber Frames in Curran, Ontario. As soon as we opened our first roll and began to apply it, we knew that air sealing for us was changed forever!

Siga’s Rissan tape seals the membrane to the electrical box hood.

We are working largely with two products from Siga. The first is their exterior-grade tape, called Wigluv. This tape is outrageously sticky, and the tape material very flexible. We are using the Wigluv to tape our air control layer (a conventional Canadian housewrap) to our windows to provide a seal at this important junction.

The Wigluv takes some learning to apply cleanly, as it is so sticky that any errors in application result in tape stuck to fingers and any other surface that gets in the way! However, we quickly figured out how to fold the tape against the window to provide an excellent seal. Working from bottom to top of the window, we provide positive overlap at each tape seam. The flexibility of the tape means that the odd lump or bump in the application folds down completely, and if the corner is not perfectly ninety degrees, it will bend out of the way of the strapping we put on next. I feel like these will definitely be the most air tight windows we’ve ever installed.

The second product is similar, but meant for indoor applications, and is called Rissan. This tape is flexible enough to be very useful for sealing round holes in membranes, such as plumbing vent stacks and electrical conduits. Equally sticky as the Wigluv, the Rissan bonds to pipes, wires and conduits firmly and provide a great solution to these very hard-to-seal areas of the home. We will use the tape from both sides of the barrier wherever possible to further ensure a tight seal.

Whether or not these tapes have long-term lasting adhesion remains to be seen, but their test results are impressive and they far surpass anything that is widely available in the North American market.

This entire window is now very well sealed and insulated.

For the time being, it’s too bad we have to import these tapes from Europe. Canada used to be a leader in the first wave of air tightness products for homes, but until somebody in North America starts making tapes of this quality, we’ll be using these Siga products to ensure our seams and joints are as air tight as possible.

Former Students and Their Beautiful Home

As a teacher, there is nothing more satisfying than to know that what you have taught has been absorbed, understood and sometimes even improved upon by a student.

Kate and Bernat with their amazing hybrid straw bale house

Jen and I were recently driving to Nova Scotia, and paid a surprise visit to Kate Alvo and Bernat Ferragut who were in our sustainable building program in 2009. They have designed and are close to finishing construction on their home in Port Neuf, Quebec.

They have exemplified the kind of careful planning, thoughtful research and quality building work that all add up to an excellent sustainable building project.

It was wonderful to be able to tour the home a bit ahead of its final completion, as we were still able to see the “guts” of the build. From a beautiful and functional design to the fine details of air sealing to excellent materials selection, this is exactly the kind of home that can make a real difference to our impact on the planet.

Kate and Bernat have, since 2009, run a business called Le Chantier du Bonheur, performing ecological renovations throughout Quebec.

Among the many great ideas and technologies incorporated into their home, the one I was most excited to see was the pellet boiler heating system and the deluxe hot water tank that accompanies it.

The pellet boiler on the left and the triple input hot water tank on the right should make for a very efficient and affordable heating system.

I have long been interested in pellet boiler technology, but have yet to install a system into a building. I see pellets as an excellent fuel source when made with regional waste biomass (as is widely available throughout much of Canada). The pellets burn more cleanly and efficiently than wood stoves or furnaces, and the boiler system allows easy hook up to hydronic heating systems and domestic hot water end uses. A large hopper allows enough pellets to be loaded to ensure long run time capability, so heating with biomass no longer means having to be at home all day to feed the stove.

The water tank has a triple input, allowing water in the same tank to be heated by solar, the pellet boiler and a backup electric resistance heater. The large capacity of the tank takes full advantage of solar input and the pellet boiler, and the inexpensive (to install) electric resistance heater means that the house never goes without heat, even if the boiler runs out of pellets.

The pellet boiler is from Pellmax and the tank from Aqualux. The two units were very affordable, and I’m very glad to be able to find out how they work without always being the first adopter of a new technology!

We wish Kate and Bernat all the best as they finish their home! You can follow their entire project history on their blog.

Air Source Heat Pump

Among the many challenges involved in meeting the Living Building Challenge standard for Canada’s Greenest Home, one of the biggest was how to heat the home given that the LBC does not accept combustion devices of any kind for any purpose.

The Mitsubishi Zuba heat pump is installed on the exterior of the house.

The heat exchanger and plenum for the interior side of the Zuba.

Our first choice for heating this home was going to be a pellet boiler. Impressed with the efficiency and cost of these systems, we were also aware that a number of local pellet making facilities (including one less than 1km away from the home) meant that our fuel supply could be reliable and entirely based on existing waste biomass in the region.

Once we understood that this combustion option was not feasible (and I’m not sure I agree with the LBC’s reasoning on this point), our focus turned to heat pumps, both ground source and air source. Heat pump technology is a great option, as it is the only heating (and cooling) technology that is more than 100% efficient. With combustion devices, for every unit of fuel input there is slightly less than one unit of heat output (hence the ratings that might state efficiencies in the 90% range). With heat pumps, each unit of energy input (electrical energy, used to drive the pump) there is between 1.5 and 5 units of heat created, meaning that efficiencies can be stated in the 150-500% range.

A heat pump works by circulating a refrigerant with a boiling point that is designed to be in the temperature range expected on the outside of the building. By compressing this gas and forcing it into a gaseous state and then allowing it to return to a liquid state, the refrigerant goes through two phase changes. The heat that is transferred during these phase changes is significant, even though the temperature of the refrigerant is not.

The heat pump cycle explained. The important part to know is that the phase change of the refrigerant releases usable heat, even if the actual temperature of the refrigerant is not “hot”. Image from CMHC

This isn’t magic, and it isn’t even a new technology. Your refrigerator is a heat pump, as is your air conditioner. The premise has been around for decades, but has only recently been applied to heating homes on a large scale in the past decade. The use of heat pumps in cold climates has not been feasible until quite recently, when Mitsubishi introduced their Zuba range of cold climate heat pumps. These units are able to make usable heat at temperatures as low as -30C, making them feasible as the sole heat source for a northern climate home as long as the home is made to be energy efficient.

The heat loss calculation for Canada’s Greenest Home was 22,524 Btuh (British Thermal Units per hour). The Zuba is capable of producing 34,130 Btuh, so it is well within the unit’s capacity to fully heat this home.

As with all heat pumps, the Zuba can run in reverse and be an efficient air conditioning unit in the summertime.

The Zuba has two components. On the exterior of the house there is the heat pump unit. On the interior of the house there is the heat exchanger and the air plenum plus the fan and switchwork for the system. It is connected to conventional ductwork to supply heated air to the whole house.

The Mitsubishi Zuba units are supplied in Ontario by Mitsair. Our system was installed by Crown Heating in Peterborough. Our thanks to both companies for their professional assistance.

The decision to go with an air source heat pump was made largely based on the cost of installation. While a ground source unit offers better efficiencies (especially at colder outdoor temperatures), the cost of installation is quite a bit higher, and the payback on the additional investment is well over a decade. Given our investment in other technologies for this home, we decided in this case that the lower cost of installation and the very good efficiencies for the unit made it the right decision for Canada’s Greenest Home.

 

Knots and Rigging for Construction

December 8, 2012

Workshop Instructor(s): Steve Massey
Endeavour Centre
Peterborough, Ontario

Workshop Description

The need to lift heavy loads arises constantly on a construction site. The usual reaction is to stand back and wait for the crane or the forklift to do the work. But wouldn’t you love to know how to manage the lifting and manoeuvring of heavy loads with ropes and human power?

This workshop is about learning how to lift or lower heavy loads and stand up something really tall without a crane. The workshop will cover the physics of doing this on paper, and then we’ll do it hands-on.

In this workshop, you’ll learn how to design a lift, how to calculate rope length and weight ratios, rope care, maintenance and safety and common rope mistakes. You’ll learn how to use slings, biners, pulleys and braking devices.

You will also learn some of the essential knots to know on a construction site, including alpine butterfly, double fisherman’s, figure 8, prussik and blake’s hitch, icicle hitch and clove hitch.

This workshop will be taught by Steve Massey. Steve is Construction Coordinator for the television show Income Property. He is a graduate of the Fleming Sustainable Design and Construction program. He has over 25 years of rigging experience in construction, motion pictures and rock climbing and is mostly still alive.

Entry Requirements

Open to all

Fee

$95

Maximum class size: 12

Women’s Carpentry

November 24-25, 2012 -FULL!

If you are interested in taking this course at a later date please let us know by filling out our contact form!

Workshop Instructor(s): Jen Feigin & Deirdre McGahern
Endeavour Centre
Peterborough, Ontario

Workshop Description

This workshop is intended to create a friendly, inviting space for women who would like to learn the basics of carpentry. In the comfort of a women-only space, Jen and Deirdre will introduce you to the world of measuring, marking and layout, hand and power tools, and eco-friendly finishes.

Over two days, you will gain confidence in basic carpentry as you work on a take-home project. There will be plenty of time to practice with tools and to become familiar with terminology. You’ll learn about tool safety, how to choose and buy tools, selecting and purchasing materials for projects, making sketches for projects and choosing non-toxic, healthy finishes.

The small group learning will afford lots of time to ask questions and discuss ideas.

Jen is a builder and designer with the Endeavour Centre. Deirdre is the owner of Straworks, a design-build firm based in Peterborough.

Entry Requirements

Open to all

Fee

$210

Maximum class size: 12

Designing Your Own Sustainable Home: A Workshop for Owner-Builders

March 2-3, 2013

Workshop Instructor(s): Chris Magwood
Endeavour Centre
Peterborough, Ontario

Workshop Description

The dream of designing and building one’s own home is one of the most deeply held desires in our culture. The dream of designing and building a sustainable home marries that desire with a wish to live lightly (and affordably!) on the planet.

However, many questions face the prospective owner-builder setting out on this journey. To design yourself or hire a designer? To build yourself, or hire builders for different phases? How to choose from a myriad of competing natural building materials? How to choose heating options, water and waste options, electricity options? How to manage budgets and timelines? How to choose a piece of land? This workshop will explore all of these questions in an in-depth way.

The workshop is designed to be an un-biased look at all the options available to the prospective owner-builder, and to assist you with tools to help you assess and choose your way to the house of your dreams. You will leave this workshop ready to handle all the competing claims and information you will face by focusing on your personal goals and aspirations and creating a road map for how best to meet them.

Entry Requirements

Open to all

Fee

$325

Maximum class size: 12

Timber Framing Joinery Workshop

March 16-17, 2013

Instructor Name: Mark Davidson
Whippletree Post and Beam
Keene, ON

Workshop Description

The beautiful craft of timber framing is exemplified by the work of Mark Davidson at Whippletree Post and Beam. Mark has been teaching workshops in timber framing and joinery since 2003. The intention of his workshops is to provide a good learning environment with an accent on positive feedback from instructors, and time for the whole class to share information. The combination of small class sizes with the use of handtools for the workshops, helps to create a course that is quiet, focused and relaxed.

In the two-day joinery workshop, participants are provided with materials, plans and guidance for several different projects, with varying degrees of difficulty. Each of the projects go home with the participant to provide a reference piece for future work.

Joinery courses are taught using hand tools including Japanese, Barr and Sorby chisels, carpenter’s square, knife, handsaws, boring machine, mallet and chisel, adze, hatchet and axe.

Classes are taught at the Whippletree Workshop at 2025 Settler’s Line, near Keene, Ontario.

Entry Requirements

Open to all

Fee

$225

Maximum class size:

12

Straw Bale Building with Tom Rijven

October 20-27, 2012

Instructor Name: Tom Rijven
Fifth Wind Farms
Cobourg, ON

Workshop Description

Tom Rijven is a straw bale pioneer in Europe who has been at the forefront of developing techniques for straw bale and earthen plasters. He is also the person who introduced earthen plastering to Ontario during a workshop back in 2003! He is a good friend to many at Endeavour, and we’re glad to be able to help promote his upcoming workshop at Fifth Wind Farms in Cobourg.

While this is not a workshop offered by Endeavour directly, we were excited to meet up with Tom again (the last time we saw him was at the International Straw Bale Building Conference in Ontario in 2006) and find out that he was traveling to our neck of the woods again.

Tom will be leading a workshop at Fifth Wind Farms to teach his unique hexagonal compressed straw bale method, which he calls the C.U.T. (Cell Under Tension) method. His system uses pre-fab wooden elements to minimize the wood structure and keep building costs low. It is perfect for creating multi-sided buildings. He will also be teaching his earthen plastering method, which is what we at Endeavour have long based our earth plasters on.

Tom is the author of Between Earth and Straw, a bilingual (French/English) book about building with straw bales and earthen plasters. He has built bale structures and taught workshops all over Europe. His French language web site is at http://www.habitatvegetal.com/.

This workshop is not being offered directly through Endeavour. Please contact Henry Weirsma at 905-342-3666 or fifthwinds@gmail.com or see the Fifth Winds web site for more information.

Entry Requirements

Open to all. See Fifth Wind for more information.

Fee

$200. Please register through Fifth Wind Farms, fifthwinds@gmail.com or 905-342-3666

Maximum class size:

12